Week 9 2021

Attendance in education and early years settings during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic

View latest data: Week 30 2022Official statistics

• Published: 2 March 2021
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A summary of attendance in education settings from Monday 23 March 2020 to Thursday 25 February 2021 (excluding out of term dates as data not collected) and early years settings from Thursday 16 April 2020 to 25 February 2021. The data covers England only. 

This publication provides a high-level summary of estimates from the Department for Education's education settings survey and local authority early years survey. Further data at national and local authority level is available in the underlying data.

These statistics have been produced quickly in response to developing world events. In May 2020, the Office for Statistics Regulation, on behalf of the UK Statistics Authority, reviewed them against several key aspects of the Code of Practice for Statistics and regarded them as consistent with the Code’s pillars of Trustworthiness, Quality and Value.

Expansion of publication content in future releases

We are working to expand the scope of published data in future releases.

Data sharing

Data collected from the Education Settings Survey is shared as management information across national and local government for operational purposes. As part of the data share we explicitly highlight that the information is for internal purposes only and should not be shared more widely. The limitations of the data, which include variables with missing values, responses not being validated or issues being thoroughly investigated are highlighted to ensure recipients are aware that decisions should not be made in isolation and the risks of making conclusions based on the data alone. We engage with local users to try to prevent the data being shared inappropriately. Where we identify misuse of the data we work with those in receipt of the data to understand how it happened and to reduce the likelihood it will happen again.

Information shared across government includes variables that we have made a conscious decision not to share more widely at the present moment for a number of reasons including the quality of the data which could misinform or confuse users, however, they may provide useful insight for operational purposes, particularly at a local level.

The department is continuously reviewing what and how information collected from the survey is disseminated and we will endeavour to publish data at the earliest opportunity.

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Headline facts and figures - 2021

From 5 January, schools were asked to provide on-site education for vulnerable children and children of critical workers only. 

On Thursday 18 February, all schools across England were on half term. School figures reported as of Thursday 25 February are compared with Thursday 11 February.

Local authority level data from the education settings survey are included in this publication for the first half of the Spring term (from early January to mid February). See the ‘Attendance by local authority’ section of this publication. The data is available in underlying data table 1c, backdated to match the reporting dates of previous publications.

For the first time in this publication, we have included estimates of the number of pupils attending state-funded schools who are identified as otherwise vulnerable. This data is available in underlying data table 1b, backdated to 11 January.

State-funded schools

Open rates

• On 25 February, over 99% of state-funded schools were open to children of critical workers and vulnerable children. This is higher than March to May 2020, when schools were previously asked to open only to children of critical workers and vulnerable children. Around 80% of schools were open in May 2020.

Pupil on-site attendance

• Pupil attendance in state-funded schools was 18% on 25 February, up from 16% on 11 February. Attendance increased steadily throughout the last half term from 14% on 13 January. Pupils not attending on-site should receive remote education.
• Attendance was 27% in state-funded primary schools, 6% in state-funded secondary schools and 44% in state-funded special schools on 25 February. Attendance increased among all types of state-funded schools compared to 11 February, when attendance was 24% in state-funded primary schools and 5% in state-funded secondary schools. Attendance has increased the most in state-funded special schools, up from 35% on 11 February.
• Attendance of both children of critical workers and vulnerable children has increased since early January:
  • Approximately 1,000,000 children of critical workers were in attendance on 25 February, up from 894,000 on 11 February and 820,000 on 13 January.
  • Approximately 45% of all pupils with an EHCP on roll in state-funded schools were in attendance on 25 February, up from 38% on 11 February and 34% on 13 January.
  • Approximately 50% of all pupils with a social worker on roll in state-funded schools were in attendance on 25 February, up from 44% on 11 February and 40% on 13 January [1].
  • We estimate that 296,000 children identified as otherwise vulnerable were in attendance on 25 Feb, compared to 169,000 on 13 Jan. We estimate that 20% of pupils in attendance on 25 Feb were otherwise vulnerable.

Workforce on-site

• We estimate 41% of teachers and school leaders were working on-site in open state-funded schools on 25 February, up from 38% on 11 February. This figure was 55% in primary schools, 24% in secondary schools and 70% in special schools on 25 February.
• We estimate 58% of teaching assistants and other staff were working on-site in state-funded open schools on 25 February, up from 54% on 11 February. This figure was 64% in primary schools, 40% in secondary schools and 68% in special schools on 25 February.

Pupil attendance and workforce statistics in state-funded schools by region

• Attendance in state-funded schools was highest in the South West and Yorkshire & Humber throughout the first half of the spring term. Attendance in state-funded schools was lowest in London and the East of England.
• Attendance was highest in special schools in all regions, followed by primary schools. Attendance in secondary schools was low (less than 8%) in all regions.
• Across all regions, the proportion of teachers and school leaders and the proportion of teaching assistants and support staff who cannot work on site or remotely due to COVID-19 related reasons decreased throughout the first half of the spring term. For both teachers and school leaders and teaching assistants and support staff, the greatest decreases occurred in London, whilst the smallest changes occurred in Yorkshire and The Humber.

Early years settings

• The early years local authority survey continues on a weekly basis. We estimate 638,000 children are currently attending early years childcare settings on Thursday 25 February – about 43% of the number of children who usually attend childcare in term time [2]. Due to many children attending EY settings on a part-time basis, we would not expect all children to be in attendance on the day of the data collection. On a typical day in the Spring term we expect attendance to be 1,052,000, due to different and part-time patterns of childcare during the week [3]. We estimate that the 638,000 children currently attending early years settings is approximately 61% of the usual daily level.

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[1]  Pupils with a social worker are considered ‘children in need’. Our analysis after adjusting for non-response suggests that schools may be under-reporting the number of children with a social worker when compared to the most recently published children in need statistics. Therefore these estimates only account for pupils with a social worker that are identified by schools. Schools report on the form how many children with a social worker (SW) they have on roll. Our analysis suggests that the total number of children with a SW differs by at least 30% compared to published figures for children with a social worker. This means our attendance figures for pupils with a social worker are likely to overestimate attendance.

[2] The number of children in term time was estimated using outputs from the Childcare and early years survey of parents: 2019 and ONS National Population Projections: 2018 based. 

[3] LAs are asked to send attendance in EY settings on a typical day of the week. We have calculated normal expected daily attendance based on estimates of the average number of days a child spends in formal childcare on any given day, using the Childcare and early years survey of parents: 2019. For further details please see the methodology section. 

Explore data and files

All data used in this release is available as open data for download

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Open data

Browse and download individual open data files from this release in our data catalogue

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Guidance

Learn more about the data files used in this release using our online guidance

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Create your own tables

You can view featured tables that we have built for you, or create your own tables from the open data using our table tool

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All supporting files

All supporting files from this release are listed for individual download below:

List of all supporting files

• Education Settings Survey questions since 1 September (xlsx, 33 Kb)
• Table 1b variable additions and removals log (xlsx, 14 Kb)
• Weekly attendance in state-funded schools by region, from 10 September to 16 December (excluding half-term dates) (xlsx, 15 Kb)

Background

Between March 2020 and the end of the summer term, schools were asked to limit attendance to reduce transmission of coronavirus (COVID-19). The timeline is summarised below:

• From Friday 20 March 2020, in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, the government asked early years settings, schools, and colleges to close to all children except those of critical workers and those classified as vulnerable.
• From 1 June, the government asked schools to welcome back children in nursery, reception, year 1 and year 6, alongside children of critical workers and vulnerable children from all years. Early years settings were also asked to begin welcoming back all children from 1 June.
• From 15 June, secondary schools, sixth form and further education colleges were asked to begin providing face-to-face support to students in year 10 and 12 to supplement their learning from home, alongside full time provision for students from priority groups. Primary schools were given the flexibility to bring back pupils in other year groups, where they have space to do so.
• By 17 July, most schools and colleges had closed for the summer holiday. Ordinarily, fewer early years settings are open and fewer children are in attendance during school summer holidays. This is due to reduced demand for childcare and the closure of term-time only and school-based settings.

In the 2020/21 autumn term, all pupils, in all year groups, were expected to return to school full-time.

Ahead of the start of the 2021/21 spring term, the Government asked schools to make the following arrangements for week commencing 4 January:

• Primary schools to provide on-site education to all pupils from their first day of term, except those in areas where contingency framework guidance applied. In areas affected by the framework, primary schools were asked to provide on-site education for vulnerable children and children of critical workers only.
• Secondary schools to provide on-site education to vulnerable children and children of critical workers only in week commencing 4 January.
• Special schools to provide on-site education for all pupils, however they were given flexibility to phase return of pupils.
• Alternative provision to provide on-site education for all pupils.

On 4 January, the Government asked schools to provide on-site education for vulnerable children and children of critical workers only from 5 January. Settings were not required to complete the educational settings survey between 5-8 January while it was changed to reflect these new arrangements. The survey reopened on Monday 11 January.

Education settings survey

To help understand the impact of these decisions, the Department for Education (DfE) established a survey of schools and colleges in England. Schools and colleges are asked to report information to DfE each day.

The education settings survey was open between 23 March and 17 July 2020 and then reopened on 1 September 2020. The survey questions were changed on 1 September 2020 to reflect the expectation that all schools should prepare to open to all pupils. Additional changes to questions were made on 12 October 2020, detailed information on these amendments can be found in the methodology.

Local authority early years survey

To help understand the impact of these decisions, from 6 April 2020, the Department of Education (DfE) asked local authorities (LAs) to regularly report to the DfE information on the number of children in attendance, including the number of settings open or closed. The focus of this survey was narrowed to early years settings from 16 April. 

The early years local authority survey continues on a weekly basis. Ordinarily, fewer early years settings are open and fewer children are in attendance during school holidays. This is due to reduced demand for childcare and the closure of term-time only and school-based settings. Key school holiday dates have been clearly marked on the corresponding charts. 

The number of three-year-olds eligible for funded childcare, and therefore attending early years settings, increases through the academic year. Attendance in settings decreases in the autumn when children move to reception. Due to this, the underlying attendance assumptions are updated on a termly basis, which represents a break in the time series. This occurred on 10 September (for Autumn Term 2020) and on 7 January (for Spring Term 2021). For more details on the break in the time series, please see the methodology section. 

Data coverage

This data release includes data from the education settings survey from 23 March 2020 to 25 February 2021 (excluding out of term dates as data was not collected) and early years settings from 16 April 2020 to 25 February 2021. 

The narrative in this document focuses on Thursday 25 February 2021 for education settings and early years settings.

Non-response adjustment

Education settings survey

Non-response adjustments made to published figures from 9 September 2020 are summarised here. For the non-response adjustment methodology made to published figures from 23 March to 16 July 2020, see the July 21 publication. Non-response adjustments have not been made to local authority level data, see the ‘Attendance by local authority’ section for more information.

The response rate among state-funded schools was 82% on 25 February. Open rate and attendance figures for state-funded schools in this release are adjusted to account for those that did not respond to the survey.

Methodology in 2020/21 autumn term

The methodology used from 9 September assumes that state-funded schools that did not respond were no more likely to be closed, ask pupils to self-isolate or have lower attendance than responding state-funded schools. This follows analysis of response patterns, data collected from a sample of non-responding schools, and comparison with data collected through regular phone calls between DfE and local authorities to identify any closed schools. Figures for state-funded schools have been weighted to take account of differences in response rate between different school types.

To reflect the number of local authorities that were on half-term, adjustments were made to the methodology for figures between 19 and 23 October and 2 November.

Response rates among state-funded schools fell on 17 December by 7 percentage points compared to the previous day. Some schools reported inset days or non-COVID related closures on 17 December (1% of responders). Schools are not required to complete the form if on a planned holiday, such as Christmas break and, previously, decreases in response rates have been associated with an increase in school closures. As a result, it is likely there is a greater proportion of closures among non-responders than responder and we do not know the distribution of these between i) COVID-related closures and ii) schools starting Christmas holidays or having inset days as planned. Therefore, estimates for 17 December are less reliable than previous days and likely over-estimate open and attendance rates. Comparisons within the commentary here made here with Wednesday 16 December instead. Data for 17 December is still available in the underlying data.

Methodology in 2020/21 spring term

The methodology used from 11 January assumes that state-funded schools that did not respond were no more likely to be closed to vulnerable children and critical worker children or have lower attendance than non-responding schools.

This follows analysis of response patterns and data collected from a sample of non-responding schools to identify any closed schools. This found that up to 10% of non-responding state-funded primary schools and state-funded special schools were closed, compared to less than 1% and around 1% of responding schools respectively. Adjusting for this would reduce open rates for these school types by up to 1 percentage points, but would have a negligible impact on attendance rates (less than 0.5%) given high response rates (over 80%) and relatively low attendance rates. Therefore, no adjustments have been made at this time but we will continue to review the non-response methodology. Figures for state-funded schools have been weighted to take account of differences in response rate between different school types.

Response rates for independent schools are lower than other settings (less than 60%) and, following review of a sample of non-responding independent schools, we found non-responding independent schools were more likely to be closed than responders. Figures for independent schools have not been adjusted to account for this response bias and are presented based on responding schools only.

Local authority early years survey

For the local authority early years survey, figures for the number of settings open and closed and the number of children attending for those LAs which did not respond are estimated based on the proportions reported by LAs which did respond. The national estimate comprises reported figures from LAs which did respond combined with these estimates (see the methodology section). From 1 June onwards, this methodology has been revised to take into account the wider opening of early years settings.

Open status for state-funded schools

• 17,800 state-funded schools [4] responded to the survey on 25 February. This represents 82% of all state-funded schools. All figures for state-funded schools in this release are adjusted for non-response, more information can be found in the Methodology section of this release.
• 99.8% of state-funded schools were open on 25 February to children of critical workers and to vulnerable children, up from 98.6% on 11 February, when open rates and attendance were affected by poor weather conditions in parts of the country. This compares to approximately 80% in May 2020, when schools were previously asked to open only to children of critical workers and vulnerable children.

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[4] All figures are for state-funded schools. State-funded schools are primary, secondary, special schools and alternative provision. Further education colleges, post-16 special institutions and independent schools are not included in these figures, however estimates for these settings are included in the ‘Open status and attendance by type of school or college’ section of this publication.

Attendance in state-funded schools

Following the Prime Minister’s announcement on 4 January 2021 only children of critical workers and vulnerable children and young people should attend school or college. All pupils in special schools and alternative provision are eligible to attend as vulnerable children. All other pupils and students should receive remote education. Pupils who are self-isolating should not attend school and clinically extremely vulnerable pupils are also advised not to attend school. This policy remains in place until 5 March 2021.

Following half term and the announcement that schools would reopen to all pupils on 8 March, attendance rates across all state-funded schools have increased when compared to 11 February. Open rates and attendance on some dates in the first half of Spring term were affected by poor weather conditions in parts of the country.

• During the 2020/21 autumn term, the average on-site attendance in state-funded schools was 86%. Following the restriction of on-site attendance to vulnerable children and children of critical workers, on-site attendance was 18% on 25 February. Pupils not attending on-site should receive remote education.
• Attendance on 25 February was 27% in state-funded primary schools, 6% in state-funded secondary schools and 44% in state-funded special schools. Attendance is higher than March to May 2020: on-site attendance was approximately 4% in state-funded primaries, 1% in state-funded secondaries and 8% in state-funded special schools in May 2020.
• Among open primary schools, 3% reported less than 10% attendance, 21% less than 20% and 97% less than 50%.
• Among open secondary schools, 82% reported less than 10% attendance, 98% less than 20% and almost 100% [5] less than 50%.
• Among open special schools, 1% reported less than 10% attendance, 5% less than 20% and 58% less than 50%.

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[5] Note that this figure is rounded to the nearest percentage point and a very small proportion (less than 0.5%) of secondary schools reported attendance over 50%.

Vulnerable children in state-funded schools

Following the Prime Minister’s announcement on 4 January 2021, only children of critical workers and vulnerable children and young people should attend school or college. Vulnerable children include those who have a social worker, an Education Health Care Plan (EHCP) or are identified as otherwise vulnerable by educational providers or local authorities. Schools are expected to allow and strongly encourage vulnerable children and young people to attend and parents/carers of vulnerable children and young people are strongly encouraged to take up the place. 

Vulnerable children with an EHCP or a social worker

Attendance of pupils with an EHCP and pupils with a social worker is ordinarily lower than other pupils [6].

• Approximately 45% of all pupils with an EHCP on roll in all state-funded schools were in attendance on 25 February, up from 38% on 11 February. For context, when schools were open to all pupils attendance of pupils with an EHCP was 75% on 16 December.
• Approximately 50% of all pupils with a social worker on roll in all state-funded schools were in attendance on 25 February, up from 44% on 11 February. For context, when schools were open to all pupils, attendance of pupils with a social worker was 76% on 16 December.  Pupils with a social worker are considered ‘children in need’. Our analysis after adjusting for non-response suggests that schools may be under-reporting the number of children with a social worker when compared to the most recently published children in need statistics [7]. Therefore these estimates only account for pupils with a social worker that are identified by schools.

Children identified as otherwise vulnerable by education providers or local authorities

For the first time in this publication, we have included estimates of the number of pupils attending state-funded schools in the first half of the spring term due to being identified as otherwise vulnerable. This data is available in underlying data table 1b, backdated to 11 January. This estimate is derived from the submitted attendance data for other eligible groups and based on assumptions about the overlap between these groups. Therefore, there is greater uncertainty around these estimates than those for critical worker children, pupils with an EHCP and pupils with a social worker. Further detail is available in the methodology.

• All groups eligible to attend have seen an increase in numbers attending across the first half of the spring term. Throughout the spring term, most pupils in attendance were children of critical workers.
• We estimate that 296,000 children identified as otherwise vulnerable were in attendance on 25 Feb, compared to 169,000 on 13 Jan. We estimate that 20% of pupils in attendance on 25 Feb were otherwise vulnerable.

Critical worker children in state-funded schools

Parents whose work is critical to the coronavirus (COVID-19) and EU transition response include those who work in health and social care and in other key sectors. Children with at least one parent or carer who is a critical worker can go to school if required. This includes parents who may be working from home. 

• Approximately 1,000,000 children of critical workers were in attendance on 25 February, up from 894,000 on 11 February. 67% of pupils in attendance in state-funded schools were children of critical workers on 25 February. Note that this figure excludes children of critical workers attending school due to being identified as a vulnerable child.

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[6]  The attendance of pupils with EHCPs and children in need is typically lower than for other pupils. In the 2018/19 academic year, the overall absence rate was 8.7% for pupils with a statement of SEN or an EHCP and 11.4% for children in need see Pupil absence in schools statistics and characteristics of children in need statistics  publication for more information. There are some differences in the calculation of these figures and our estimates that affect comparability.  See our methodology for more details.  

[7] Statistics: children in need and child protection Schools report on the form how many children with a social worker (SW) they have on roll. Our analysis suggests that the total number of children with a SW differs by at least 30% compared to published figures for children with a social worker.

Workforce in state-funded schools

Workforce on-site attendance

Under the national lockdown, the expectation is that everybody should work from home where possible. School leaders are expected to determine the workforce that is required in their school, taking into account guidance for staff who are clinically extremely vulnerable. Where possible, it is expected that those staff not working on-site will work from home.

• We estimate 41% of teachers and school leaders and 58% of teaching assistants and other staff were working on-site in open state-funded schools on 25 February. This is published by type of school or college in the section ‘Open status and attendance by type of school or college’.

Reasons for workforce absence

Interpretation of workforce absence data

The purpose of this data collection is primarily to understand attendance and teacher availability. This data is reported directly by schools via DfE's daily education settings survey. It is not the primary source of data on infection, incidence and COVID-19 cases overall. The Office for National Statistics (ONS) published an analysis of the number of school workers who have had COVID-19 within their Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection Survey publication on 6 November. 

From 5 January, schools were asked to provide remote education for the majority of pupils which enabled many staff to work remotely. Therefore, data on reasons for workforce absence were collected where staff are unable to teach on-site or remotely from 11 January. This means that staff who have a confirmed or suspected case of coronavirus or who are self-isolating but can work remotely are not counted as absent in these figures. In the 2020/21 autumn term, when schools were asked to open for all pupils, data on reasons for workforce absence were collected for all staff unable to work on-site. Therefore, figures from 11 January are not comparable to data on workforce absence collected in the autumn term. 

Despite the change in the data collection, it is possible that some schools have continued to report COVID-related absences for affected staff who are working remotely in the same way as the autumn term. We therefore advise caution in interpreting these estimates, particularly when broken down in greater detail than set out below.

Since January, lateral flow devices have been provided to schools. Workforce who are on-site can be offered access to two rapid results tests every week. Rates of confirmed cases and self-isolation among workforce may be impacted by levels of testing.

Staff in schools with higher levels of pupil attendance may be less able to work remotely. Teaching assistants and other staff include staff who are essential to the running of schools such as administrative, catering, cleaning and maintenance staff, midday supervisors and technicians. These roles may be more difficult to carry out remotely, which may explain why these staff have both higher rates of on-site attendance and higher rates of staff unable to work on-site or remotely in primary and secondary schools.

Workforce unable to work on-site or remotely

• We estimate 1% of teachers and school leaders and 1% of teaching assistants and other staff in open state-funded schools were unable to work on-site or remotely on 25 February for COVID-related reasons, down from 2% of teachers and school leaders and 4% of teaching assistants and other staff on 13 January. COVID-related reasons include a confirmed or suspected case of coronavirus or self-isolation due to potential contact with a case of coronavirus.
• We estimate 5% of teachers and school leaders and 6% of teaching assistants and other staff in open state-funded schools were unable to work on-site or remotely for other reasons on 25 February, similar to 11 February.

Absence for COVID-related reasons is available broken down by school type and specific absence reason [8] in underlying data table 1E. 

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[8] Specific absence reasons include a confirmed case of coronavirus, a suspected case of coronavirus, self-isolation due to potential contact with a case of coronavirus inside the school and self-isolation due to potential contact with a case of coronavirus outside the school. Figures from 11 January do not include workforce able to work remotely, only those unable to work on-site or remotely, and are therefore not comparable to data on workforce absence collected in the autumn term.

Open status and attendance by type of school or college

Response rate varies between school or college types, therefore some are more sensitive to the non-response methodology than others. Response rates were lower among some setting types, particularly independent schools, which means there is greater uncertainty around their estimates.

• Attendance was highest in state-funded special schools (44%) and alternative provision (32%), where all pupils are eligible to attend as vulnerable children.
• Attendance was lower in state-funded secondaries (6%) than state-funded primaries (27%).
• In state-funded primary schools, 72% of the pupils in attendance were children of critical workers compared with 56% in state-funded secondary schools.
• Our attendance in alternative provision estimates may be depressed due to alternative provision reporting dual-registered pupils as on roll. Pupils dual-registered with a mainstream setting are not required to attend alternative provision full-time.

Table 1: Response rate and estimates of % open  and % attendance by school or college type on 25 February

Setting type	% response rate	% open  [9]	% attendance [10]	% children with an EHCP attendance	% children with a social worker attendance	% of pupils attending as children of critical workers
State-funded primary	82%	99.8%	27%	57%	63%	72%
State-funded secondary	83%	99.8%	6%	30%	31%	56%
State-funded special	79%	99.8%	44%	44%	56%	-
State-funded alternative provision	74%	99%	32%	43%	37%	-
All state-funded schools	82%	99.8%	18%	45%	50%	67%
Independent schools [11]	51%	96%	12%	53%	59%	62%
Special post-16 institutions	76%	93%	-	-	-	-
FE colleges	92%	96%	-	-	-	-

• Workforce on-site attendance is highest in settings with the highest pupil attendance, state-funded special schools and alternative provision.

Table 2: Estimates of % on-site workforce attendance in open settings by school or college type on 25 February

Setting type	% response rate	% of teachers and school leaders on-site	% of teaching assistants and other staff
State-funded primary	82%	55%	64%
State-funded secondary	83%	24%	40%
State-funded special	79%	70%	68%
State-funded alternative provision	74%	62%	62%
All state-funded schools	82%	41%	58%
Independent schools [11]	51%	29%	35%
Special post-16 institutions	76%	77%	72%
FE colleges	92%	8%	13%

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[9] Open rates are rounded to 1dp for state-funded primary, state-funded secondary, state-funded special and all state-funded schools. For other phases, rates are reported to 0dp and where 100% of settings report they are open, this is reported as 99% given level of uncertainty around these estimates due to lower response rates and/or small population sizes.

[10] Attendance rates are not yet reported for FE colleges or special post-16 institutions as we develop a methodology to account for the fact that some learners attend part-time.

[11]  Figures for independent schools are unlikely to be representative. We looked at a sample of non-responding school websites across different phases to assess whether they were open to children of key workers and vulnerable children. This was to enable us to assess whether non-responding schools were as likely to be open as the responding schools. For independent schools, we found evidence that non-responding schools were more likely to be closed than responding schools. Open rates and attendance rates for independent schools are likely to be lower than reported here. 

Attendance by local authority

Data is available for each Thursday from the week commencing Monday 11 January to Monday 8 February. Note that for week commencing Monday 11 January, data is provided for Wednesday due to the impact of poor weather on Thursday's data.

The following measures can be found in the underlying data at local authority level for all state-funded schools and broken down by primary, secondary and special schools: 

• Number and proportion of schools that were open
• Number and proportion of all pupils on roll in attendance
• Number and proportion of pupils on roll with an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP) in attendance
• Number and proportion of pupils on roll with a social worker in attendance
• Number of children of critical key workers who are attending on site.
• Number and proportion of teachers and school leaders/teaching assistants and support staff who cannot work on site or remotely due to a confirmed case of coronavirus (COVID-19)
• Number and proportion of teachers and school leaders/teaching assistants and support staff who cannot work on site or remotely due to a suspected case of coronavirus (COVID-19)
• Number and proportion of teachers and school leaders/teaching assistants and support staff who cannot work on site or remotely because of self-isolation due to suspected contact with a case of coronavirus (COVID-19) within the school setting.
• Number and proportion of teachers and school leaders/teaching assistants and support staff who cannot work on site or remotely because of self-isolation due to suspected contact with a case of coronavirus (COVID-19) outside the school setting.
• Number and proportion of teachers and school leaders/teaching assistants and support staff who cannot work on site or remotely due to non COVID-19 reasons.
• Number and proportion of teachers and school leaders/teaching assistants and support staff who cannot work on site or remotely due to COVID-19 reasons.

From 11 January, the education settings survey changed to reflect that most pupils were expected to work from home. Therefore some measures that were published in the autumn term have been discontinued. 

Interpretation of local authority level data 

Local authority level data is based on responding schools only.  

Unlike national level data, no adjustments are made for non-response.  

Response rates vary by local authority and by school phase or type within local authorities. Different schools within a local authority may respond on different days. Care should therefore be taken when comparing local authorities and when interpreting trends over time because differences could be due to response bias - where responding schools are not representative of all schools - and/or different schools being included in the data.  

Where there are differences in response rates between school phase or type, such as a higher response rate in primary schools than secondary schools, data by school phase or type is likely to be more reliable than overall data for all state-funded schools.  

Percentages will be more robust than overall numbers of schools or children as these have not been scaled up. 

Local authorities with response rates below 50% are flagged as such in the underlying data. 

Some data is based on fewer schools than others, making it more sensitive to change.  

The number of state-funded schools varies considerably by local authority: from 22 in Rutland to over 600 in Lancashire, excluding City of London and Isles of Scilly which have one each. Data based on a small numbers of schools, particularly when comparing over time, can be more variable.  

Data based on one school has been suppressed and data based on fewer than 10 schools are flagged as such in the underlying data. 

Typically, attendance is higher in some local authorities than others.  

Differences in attendance between local areas before the coronavirus outbreak should be taken into account when comparing local authorities.  

Pupil absence in the 2019 autumn term is published by local authority and shows that absence ranged from 2.9 to 6.5% at local authority level. There are some differences in the calculation of pupil absence and our attendance estimates that affect comparability [12]. 

Summary of attendance by local area 

Chart 3 summarises attendance in each region from the first half of the 2020/21 Spring  term (from early January to mid February).  

• In all regions, attendance in state-funded schools gradually increased from the beginning of January until half term in mid-February. The slight drop in attendance for East of England and the South- East on 11 February was due to an increase in the number of non-COVID related closures in those regions due to poor weather.
• Attendance in state-funded schools was highest in the South West and Yorkshire & Humber throughout the first half of the spring term. Attendance in state-funded schools was lowest in London and the East of England.
• Attendance was highest in special schools in all regions, followed by primary schools. Attendance in secondary schools was low (less than 8%) in all regions.

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[12]  Overall absence rates calculated using the school census include pupils aged 5-15 in state-funded primary, secondary and special schools. Our attendance estimates include 4-year olds in reception, 16-year olds in year 11 and all students in sixth forms. Pupils on roll in alternative provision (who have a higher than average absence rate) are included in our attendance estimates, but excluded from the overall absence rates. From 12 October, schools were asked to exclude nursery children from their response to the education settings survey. See methodology for further details. 

Charts 4 and 5 show attendance in state primaries and secondaries, respectively, in each local authority. Due to poor weather in week commencing Monday 8 February, attendance data is shown  for Thursday 4 February. 

• The ranges for each chart are automatically set and the same shade does not mean the same level of attendance on each chart.
• Response rates for each data point are available in the ‘Table’ tab alongside each chart.

Summary of workforce absence by local area for staff who are not able to work on site or remotely.  

Chart 6 and 7 summarises workforce absence in each region for staff who are not able to work on site or remotely during the first half of the Spring  term (from early January to mid-February). The chart shows data for state-funded schools.  

• Across all regions, the proportion of teachers and school leaders and the proportion of teaching assistants and support staff who cannot work on site or remotely due to COVID-19 related reasons has decreased over the half term. 
• The proportion of teaching assistants and support staff who cannot work on site or remotely due to COVID-19 reasons is higher than for teachers and school leaders. Teaching assistants and other staff include staff who are essential to the running of schools such as administrative, catering, cleaning and maintenance staff, midday supervisors and technicians. These roles may be more difficult to carry out remotely, which may explain why these staff have higher rates of both on-site attendance and of staff unable to work on-site or remotely. 

Early years settings

The response rate to the early years local authority survey was 87%, with 131 out of 151 LAs submitting data on 25 February.

The following figures are adjusted for non-response. More information can be found in the Methodology section of this release.

• An estimated 52,000 early years settings were open on 25 February. This represents 76% of all settings, with 11% closed and 12% unknown [13]. The percentage closed may include some providers which are open, due to differences in the ways local authorities collect data and report non-responses. This is currently being reviewed.

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[13] Due to rounding, these do not always sum to 100%. 

Attendance rates for vulnerable children

Attendance rates for vulnerable children are presented as a proportion of the estimated number of children aged 0-4 with an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP) using formal childcare plus the total number of Children in Need aged 0-4. We do not have estimates of the number of Children in Need who usually use formal childcare. Therefore the attendance rate is presented to allow comparisons to be made over time, rather than the proportion of vulnerable children who would usually attend early years settings. This means this figure is not comparable with the proportion of children who usually attend childcare in term time.

• We estimate 638,000 children attended early years settings on 25 February, up from 453,000 on 18 February. This represents approximately 43% of the number of children who usually attend childcare in term time [14].
• Due to many children attending EY settings on a part-time basis, we would not expect all children to be in attendance on the day of the data collection. On a typical day in the Spring term we expect attendance to be 1,052,000. We estimate that the  638,000 children currently attending early years settings is approximately 61% of the usual daily level [15].
• Approximately 29,000 vulnerable children attended early years settings on 25 February, up from 17,000 on 18 February. This represents around 37% of 0 to 4 year olds classified as ‘Children in Need’ or who have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP) [16].

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[14] The number of children in term time was estimated using outputs from the Childcare and early years survey of parents: 2019 and ONS National Population Projections: 2018 based.

[15] LAs are asked to send attendance in EY settings on a typical day of the week. We have calculated normal expected daily attendance based on estimates of the average number of days a child spends in formal childcare on any given day, using the Childcare and early years survey of parents: 2019. For further details please see the methodology section.

[16] 0 to 4 year olds excluding those in Reception classes. This is an estimate based on the 2020 Children in Need census and January 2020 school census. 

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Methodology

Find out how and why we collect, process and publish these statistics

Attendance in education and early years settings during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic

Official statistics

These are Official Statistics and have been produced in line with the Code of Practice for Official Statistics.

This can be broadly interpreted to mean that these statistics are:

• managed impartially and objectively in the public interest
• meet identified user needs
• produced according to sound methods
• well explained and readily accessible

Find out more about the standards we follow to produce these statistics through our Standards for official statistics published by DfE guidance.

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If you have a specific enquiry about Attendance in education and early years settings during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic statistics and data:

COVID Attendance Statistics

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Telephone: Raffaele Sasso
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