Autumn term 2024/25

Expansion to early childcare entitlements: Childcare Experiences Survey

This is the latest data
Published
Next update
Release type

Introduction

Introduction

This publication provides information from the Department for Education’s Childcare Experiences Survey. The Childcare Experiences Survey will be 6 waves of data collection from parents using the expanded entitlement to government funded childcare, introduced from April 2024.

This publication contains detail from the first wave of the Childcare Experience Survey, this took place between October 2024 and December 2024. This first wave was designed as a pilot for the survey; questions in subsequent waves of the survey are therefore liable to change. 

The summary results provided here detail the experiences of 6,612 parents who had recently applied for the Government’s expanded entitlement to funded childcare for working parents through the Childcare Choices  website (opens in a new tab). Data comes from parents who had applied for a new eligibility code for the expanded entitlement between 1st May-31st August 2024, for their child to start funded childcare from September 2024. The survey asks about 15 hours of funded childcare per week for eligible parents.


Headline facts and figures - 2024/25

Explore data and files used in this release

  • View or create your own tables

    View tables that we have built for you, or create your own tables from open data using our table tool

  • Data catalogue

    Browse and download open data files from this release in our data catalogue

  • Data guidance

    Learn more about the data files used in this release using our online guidance

  • Download all data (ZIP)

    Download all data available in this release as a compressed ZIP file

Section 1: Background and household characteristics

Background 

The amount of financial support available to parents, in the form of government-funded childcare, is being extended. The new measures will expand the existing system by offering up to 30 funded hours of childcare per week over 38 weeks of the year to children aged 9 months up to 2 years whose parents meet the same income eligibility criteria as applied to the existing 30 hours entitlement for 3- and 4-year-olds. 

At the time of the survey (October to December 2024) only the first phase of this expansion - 15 hours of funded childcare per week for eligible parents of 9 month to 2 year old children - had been rolled out.  The new entitlements will be offered in full from September 2025.

This pilot Survey asked about:

  • parents experiences with applying to access the 15 hours funded childcare hours entitlement for working families, 
  • using childcare providers in their area for their child who is receiving funded childcare,  
  • and how parents childcare and employment arrangements work for them and their family. 

Introduction

This section provides an overview of the current sample characteristics.

Issued sample

The current cohort consists of a stratified random sample of 39,970 parents who were selected from a base population of 347,894 of customers who:

  • had a live Child Benefit claim (ChB);
  • had applied for working families’ childcare entitlements between 1st May-31st August 2024 (for their child to start childcare from September 2024).
  • had a child claimed for born between 31st August 2021 and 30th November 2023 (i.e. aged 9 months to 2 years at the time of sampling).

The sample were stratified proportionally by regions in England to capture geographical representativeness while ensuring where any labour market effects in the regions most affected by unemployment were identified. To be designed with a higher representation of parents in lower-income areas in mind, a sample boost was applied in regions with high economic inactivity [1] (opens in a new tab), particularly in the northern regions which may be experiencing a shortage of childcare. However, due to participant anonymity during data collection, geographical data was not collected in the current wave. Consequently, the sample was not weighted by economic activity or geographical data in the analysis. This limitation means the findings may not fully represent the broader population, potentially leading to biases in the results. Future waves intend to capture regional distribution and economic activity.

Achieved sample

A total of 6,612 respondents (91% female, 9% male) in England completed the survey between 30th October and 6th December 2024 – a response rate of 17%.

Eligibility

The working families entitlement offer is 15 hours funded childcare for eligible working families from September 2024. This offer is available for children from the term after they turn 9 months old until the term that they turn 3 years old. 6,771 respondents began the survey. 6,612 respondents had received a childcare code for at least one of their children aged 9 months to 2 years to receive 15 hours funded childcare hours under the working family's entitlement. 159 respondents who did not fit this criteria were screened out of the survey or exited the survey before completing the first question. 

Household Characteristics  

Respondents were asked questions about themselves and their household – including basic information about themselves, and those they live with including children. Results may not equal 100 percent due to rounding.

  • 87.7% of respondents reported that there are 2 people over the age of 18 living at their current address. 
  • 98.2%  were living with a partner.
  • Families had between 1-9 children (aged 17 years and under) living in their household. 46.1% reported having 2 children (standard deviation = 0.76) at their current address.
  • Most of the children in the surveyed households were aged 1 year (22.6%) and 2 years (31.8%).

Children with Special Educational Needs and/or Disabilities (SEND)

  • There was a small number of respondents reporting they had SEND child/ren living in their household (7%, N=445).

Parents with a disability

  • There was a small number of respondents with a disability amongst surveyed households (3.1%, N=200).
  • The majority of these respondents (70%, N=140) said their disability does not impact their ability to work.

Parents with caring responsibilities for other people in their household over the age of 18

  • There was a small number of respondents with caring responsibilities amongst surveyed households (1.7%, N=101).
  • A few respondents viewed their caring responsibilities as a factor influencing their ability to work (26%, N=26).
    • Note: bases of no. of parents answering each characteristic question was different, explaining e.g. why 1.7% = 101 for carers but 3.1% = 200 for disabled parent.

Employment status

  • At the time of the survey, 40% of respondents were working full-time as an employee, 48% part-time as an employee, and 7% were self-employed or freelance.
  • At the time of the survey, 76% of respondents' partners were working full-time as an employee, 8% part-time as an employee, and 15% were self-employed or freelance.

Parents' household annual income (before tax)

  • Lowest household income: 5%  of respondents had a household income of less than £20,000. 
  • Lower household income:  14% of respondents had a household income between £20,000-£39,999. 
  • Middle household income:  25% of respondents had a household income between £40,000-£59,999.
  • Middle household income: 27% of respondents had a household income between £60,000-£79,999.
  • Higher household income: 20% of respondents had a household income between £80,000-£99,999.
  • Highest household income: 10% of respondents had a household income more than £100,000.

Further information

More detailed information, including sample sizes, can be found in additional tables available in the “supporting files” section and the Methodology section of this release.

 

Section 2: Experiences of applying for the working parents entitlement via Childcare Choices

Introduction 

This section reports respondents perceptions of the ease of the working families childcare entitlement application process; the proportion of respondents who received a childcare eligibility code and went on to claim the childcare offered; and the main reasons for not claiming the childcare offered. 

Findings 

Ease of the working families childcare entitlement application process

A majority strongly agreed/agreed (80%) with the following statement: “The application process for the working families childcare entitlement was easy to follow”.

Disability status:  19% of respondents with a disability disagreed or strongly disagreed that the process was easy compared to 10% of respondents with no disabilities.

SEND: Respondents who have a child with SEND in their household report similar levels of agreement with the statement that the entitlement application process was easy to follow, compared to those without a child with SEND. 

Age of child claimed for: A smaller proportion of respondents who had a child in the 9–11-month age group (71%) strongly agreed/agreed that the application process was easy to follow, compared to the 1 year (80%),  2 years (81%), and 3 years age group (77%). 

Accessing the 15 hours working families entitlements

In general, a majority of respondents (97%) who received a childcare eligibility code went on to claim their 15 hours funded childcare offered.

Household income: A higher proportion of respondents with higher household incomes annually (between £60,000-£99,999) report accessing the 15 hours funded working families childcare entitlement (98%), compared with respondents earning a household income less than £20,000 (94%).

 

SEND: 93% who have a child with SEND in their household report accessing the 15 hours funded working families childcare entitlement compared to 97% of respondents who do not have a child with SEND. 

 

Reasons for not using the working families childcare entitlement 

At the time of the survey, 214 respondents (3%) were not accessing the 15 hours funded working families childcare entitlement; of whom 21% were waiting for a place for their child to become available. 7% were not able to afford additional costs and, 4% expressed difficulties claiming their code.

Section 3: Barriers to finding and using early years provision

Introduction 

This section reports proportions of respondents who were on a waiting list before accessing the entitlement or were not on a waiting list at the time of the survey; the different challenges experienced by respondents when finding a childcare place; and, the number of respondents facing restrictions from their childcare provider about when they can use their funded childcare hours. 

Findings 

Accessing formal (paid for) early years provision

93% who report using formal childcare arrangements (e.g., nursery/pre-school, nursery class attached to primary school and or a childminder) were able to get a childcare place at their first choice of provider. 

21% of all respondents were placed on a waiting list before they could access their working families childcare entitlement or are currently on a waiting list (if respondents are not currently claiming the entitlement).

Whether accessing entitlements: For respondents who had gone on to claim their 15 hours childcare entitlement, 20% reported being placed on a waiting list by their childcare provider before they could access their working families childcare entitlement. Meanwhile, of respondents who were not claiming their 15 hours funded childcare at the time of the survey, 35% said their child was currently on a waiting list from their provider.

Challenges experienced when finding suitable childcare

40% of respondents encountered no challenges when finding a childcare place.  Whereas, 33% experienced challenges finding childcare affordable to them, 19% had difficulties understanding guidance for childcare offers and 16% found it challenging to find suitable childcare for their child. 

SEND: Respondents with and without a child with SEND in their household report similar overall experiences finding a childcare place. However, a higher proportion of respondents who had a child with SEND in their household, compared to those without, reported challenges finding suitable childcare for their child (23% vs 16%).

Provider restrictions 

A majority of respondents report not facing any restrictions from their main childcare provider about when they can use their funded childcare hours (72%).

Section 4: Using childcare

Introduction 

This section reports the proportions of respondents using formal (paid for) and informal (unpaid) types of early years provision for the child receiving entitlement funded childcare; factors influencing parent’s decision to use formal childcare; and the average number of hours children receiving entitlement funded childcare spend in childcare per week.

Findings

Types of childcare arrangements respondents are using 

Respondents were asked to select all the childcare arrangements they typically use for their child receiving entitlement funded childcare. Nursery or pre-schools were the most common type of childcare reported (84%), followed by the child's grandparents (33%) and a childminder (14%). 

Factors influencing parent’s decision to use formal childcare 

Among respondents who reported using at least one type of paid for childcare arrangement (formal type, e.g. nurseries, pre-school, childminders, nanny or au pair ), 91% indicated that "it enables me to work" was a factor influencing their decision to use formal childcare. Other common reasons included formal childcare being important for their child's social development (83%), emotional development (69%), and physical development (62%).

Hours spent in formal (paid for) early years provision

Respondents who selected either; nursery or pre-school, nursery class attached to primary or infants' school, childminder and or a nanny or au pair, were asked to report the number of hours in total per week their child receiving entitlement funded childcare spends in formal childcare (including both government funded and hours parents may pay for). 

The median number of hours all respondents report their child spending in formal childcare per week was 22 hours (standard deviation = 10). The high standard deviation indicates substantial variability in the number of hours used.

Household income: Higher-income households reported the greatest number of formal childcare hours used per week. Specifically, for respondents with a household income of £100,000 or more, the median number of hours children spend per week in formal childcare was 30 hours, compared to 19 hours per week for respondents earning an income of less than £20,000.

Type of childcare parents are claiming majority of their entitlement hours in

A higher proportion of respondents who had gone onto claim their 15 hours funded childcare at the time of the survey, were claiming the majority of their entitlement hours in a nursery or pre-school (84%), compared to a childminder (13%), and nursery class attached to primary or infants' school  (3%).

Respondents who claimed the majority of their entitlement on childminders, reported their child spending more hours per week (median = 24 hours) in paid for early years provision, compared to nursery or pre-school (median = 22 hours), and nursery class attached to primary or infants' school (median = 16 hours).

Additional tables

Data on tax-free childcare usage and satisfaction with the amount of care offered by childcare providers is available in the View or create your own tables tool.

Section 5: Provider fees and charges

Introduction 

This section focuses on respondents experiences of paying for childcare, specifically for their child who is receiving entitlement funded childcare. Including, the proportions of respondents who's childcare costs have changed since the introduction of the working families childcare entitlements from April 2024.

Findings

Change in childcare costs since April 2024

Respondents were asked if their child who was receiving entitlement funded childcare started in formal (paid for) childcare before 1st April 2024. For those who said 'Yes', the majority reported their childcare costs had decreased (77%), whilst 13% reported an increase in their childcare costs, and 10% had stayed the same, since their child started formal childcare.  Note that respondents may have changed the amount of childcare they use over this period, which would be reflected in their costs.

Entitlement funded providers: Across the three types of paid early years provision where parents can claim their entitlement hours, a higher proportion of respondents reported an increase in childcare costs since April 2024 for nursery classes attached to primary or infants' schools (16%), compared to nurseries or pre-schools (13%) and childminders (9%).

Change in childcare costs since April 2024 by household income 

Reduction in childcare costs: A higher proportion of higher-income households reported a reduction in childcare costs since the introduction of the entitlement expansion. Specifically, 80% of respondents earning between £80,000-£99,999 and 80% of those earning £100,000 or more reported a reduction. In contrast, only 58% of the lowest-income households (earning less than £20,000) reported a reduction.

Increase in childcare costs: A higher proportion of the lowest-income households reported an increase in childcare costs. Specifically, 25% of respondents earning less than £20,000 reported an increase, compared to lower percentages in higher-income brackets.

Note that respondents may have changed the amount of childcare they use over this period, which would be reflected in their costs changing.

Additional hours and charges

Data on the types of additional charges parents pay is available in the View or create your own tables tool.

Section 6: Changes in respondents' employment patterns and childcare usage following the entitlements expansion

Introduction 

This section reports how respondents' working hours have changed since the introduction of working families childcare entitlements in April 2024; the extent to which respondents view the new entitlement offer as influential in their change in working hours; and, the number of respondents who intend to change their number of childcare hours from September 2025. 

Findings

Changes in working hours since April 2024

78% of respondents who were working full-time, part-time or self-employed at the time of the survey, reported no change in their working hours since the introduction of working families childcare entitlements in April 2024. In contrast, 14% saw an increase and 7% saw a decrease. 

Household income: Among those reporting an increase in their working hours (14%), households earning between £20,000-£39,999 had the largest proportion of respondents indicating their working hours had increased since April 2024 (20%).  

Compared to those with lower incomes, a smaller proportion of respondents who had households earnings of more than £60,000 reported a change in their working hours.

Slightly higher proportions of respondents from lower income households, particularly those earning under £40,000, said they decreased their working hours (10%), when compared to respondents overall (7%).

Influence of childcare entitlement on change in working hours

Out of the 21% who had changed their working hours since April 2024, 76% of these respondents viewed the introduction of the working families childcare entitlements as somewhat/very influential in changing their working hours. 

Increase in working hours: Among respondents reporting an increase in their working hours since April 2024 (14%), 85% of these respondents viewed the introduction of the working families childcare entitlements as somewhat/very influential in changing their working hours. 

Decrease in working hours: Among respondents reporting a decrease in their working hours since April 2024 (7%), 60% of these respondents viewed the introduction of the working families childcare entitlements as somewhat/very influential in changing their working hours. 

Household income: Among the 21% who had changed their working hours since April 2024, a higher proportion of respondents in the lower to middle income category, particularly households earning between £20,000-£39,999 (77%), £40,000-£59,999 (84%), and £60,000-£79,999 (76%), viewed the introduction of the working families childcare entitlements as somewhat/very influential in changing their working hours. 

Meanwhile, a higher proportion (35%) of respondents earning more than £100,000 reported the working families childcare entitlements as not very/not at all influential in changing their working hours.

Future childcare plans from September 2025

The Government will be extending the working families entitlement offer to 30 hours funded childcare per week from September 2025 for children aged from 9 months. 

A slightly higher proportion of respondents intend to increase (44%) the number of hours their child receiving entitlement funded childcare spends in childcare from September 2025 than respondents who do not plan to change their childcare hours (39%). Very few reported intentions to decrease their childcare hours (1%). 

Reasons for changing childcare hours from September 2025

The most frequently cited reasons amongst respondents reporting an intention to change the number of hours their child receiving entitlement funded childcare spends in childcare from September 2025, were to increase their working hours (52%) and to support their child's development (28%). 

Household income: The lowest income households, particularly respondents earning less than £20,000, reported the highest proportion of intentions to increase their working hours (63%) following the entitlement expansion from September 2025.

Help and support

Methodology

Find out how and why we collect, process and publish these statistics.

Management information

Management information describes aggregate information collated and used in the normal course of business to inform operational delivery, policy development or the management of organisational performance. It is usually based on administrative data but can also be a product of survey data. The terms administrative data and management information are sometimes used interchangeably.

Contact us

If you have a specific enquiry about Expansion to early childcare entitlements: Childcare Experiences Survey statistics and data:

Early Years Entitlements and Delivery Analysis Team

Email: Your.childcare@education.gov.uk
Contact name: Hannah Doust

Press office

If you have a media enquiry:

Telephone: 020 7783 8300

Public enquiries

If you have a general enquiry about the Department for Education (DfE) or education:

Telephone: 037 0000 2288

Opening times:
Monday to Friday from 9.30am to 5pm (excluding bank holidays)